Stub Flag in EIGRP Hello Packet

How EIGRP Hello packet looks like if it is not having stub flag; picture express best.

Now, how the hello packet will be looking if we include stub command in EIGRP Process. Let's check the same.

So, if you enable stub in EIGRP then you will have one more field in hello packet called "Peer Stub Information" which is 6 bit length information where all the stub option mentioned, you can even see the same in the screenshot. which type of stub is enabled that will be set to "1".

So, this is how the Hello packet being different in EIGRP in respect to with or without Stub flag.

Reducing time of traceroute in Windows System and Cisco Routers

We all know traceroute is the most important troubleshooting tool we required in our day-to-day operation but unfortunately this is one of the slowest tool.

I was aware that this tool is slow only because of domain lookup and we can tweak it to a bit faster, but what I was not aware is that if my organization required domain lookup then how can we reduce the time because at the time of troubleshooting if your traceroute takes 30 secs to respond then it is the most painful situation.

Thanks to my friend Paul Stewart(CCIE#26009) to help me to understand that how to tweak the same.

Please find the ways below through which you can reduce the time of traceroute:

1. In Windows System:

    You can use "-d" attribute to make sure traceroute is not doing the domain lookup. Please find the below Screenshot.

2. In Cisco Router:

    There are two ways through which you can achieve the same, either you stop the IP domain-lookup by         using the command "no ip domain-lookup" or you use the keyword "numeric" at the end of the traceroute     command.

 

Hope, it might helped you. I would like to say thank you to have patience to read my blog.

What are the differences between the Router and Layer 3 Switch

If a device can routes then it is a router. So, you can call Layer-3 Switch as a Switch with Routing Capabilities.

As per my understanding the name Layer-3 Switch is nothing but a marketing term.

Okay, now lets move on to the differences between a Layer-3 Switch and a Router.

A Router can support traditional WAN Links like E1/T1/DS3 over POS interface/ Smart Serial Interface for V.35 etc. whereas Switch can only supports WAN link if it is Ethernet or Fiber Drop.

Modular Switches can support FWSM or ASA Module even Wi-Fi Controllers also.

Again, in compare Router can support Cisco Call Manager Express or ISR G2 routers can support WAVE even.

Usually switches do not support NAT/Netflow or Nbar until you go into a high end Switch like 6500, whereas even small routers can support the same, it is probably because of Router's rugged  IOS.

The forwarding on switches is done on ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuits) which is done in hardware rather than a software whereas forwarding on routers are done on software.

Now, these all are technical but at the end of the day you need to decide the positioning according to your business requirement because both will provide you the exit gateway.

Good Luck Guys........I will again come back with some post.